Sleep apnea may not be as serious as other medical
conditions but its implications to one's health in the long
run may be quite significant. The person suffering from it
is regularly deprived of sleep. Likewise, the supply of
oxygen in the body and release of carbon dioxide are
negatively affected, as there are disturbances in the entry
and exit of air to and from the lungs.
Although sleep apnea is characterized by episodes of
non-breathing and waking up every night, the person is not
aware of any of these. Thus, in cases where no one sleeps
beside or in proximity to the person, there appears to be no
way of finding out about the condition.
However, should one suspect that he has sleep apnea there
are some symptoms, which may observed and taken note of.
One is the feeling of restlessness at night. If this seems
to be happening every night, then something more serious may
really be behind it like sleep apnea. Frequent urination at
night may also be a symptom.
Another symptom is sleepiness in the morning. If a person
feels like he has not slept at all and feels very, very
sleepy at daytime, the reason could be sleep apnea. Although
the waking up episodes are not noticed because they take
place unconsciously, the effect on the body cannot be
denied.
Since there is constantly not enough sleep and rest, memory
and concentration also suffer. People who have already been
diagnosed with sleep apnea describe themselves as losing
focus immediately because they feel very tired. Memory is
specifically affected because a lot of information is
actually being processed during sleep. Disturbed sleep means
such processing did not take place smoothly or even reach
its conclusion.
Moreover, since the body was not able to recuperate well
through the night, one may complain about headaches in the
morning as soon as he gets up from bed. These types of
headaches are normally difficult to remedy with painkillers.
In addition, it is true that failure to sleep well results
in some changes in personality. The person may become too
irritable and may easily lose patience even with petty
things. His interactions with the people around him may
indeed suffer.
As soon as these symptoms are evident, one must not think
twice in consulting a doctor. The doctor will then conduct a
thorough examination of the nose and throat to detect any
blockages that affect breathing. An endoscopy of the nose
and throat may also be recommended or maybe a CT scan of the
head and neck.
To further observe one's sleep patterns, a sleep study may
be required which is normally conducted at a sleep center or
laboratory. Oftentimes, a video and audio recorder is used
to make the observations more thorough.
The recording of several body functions during sleep is
referred to as polysomnography. It takes note of the
electrical activities of the brain, the movement of the
eyes, the activities of the muscles, the heart rate, the
effort to breathe, the flow of air into and from the body,
and the levels of oxygen in the blood. This type of test
diagnoses sleep apnea and determines how severe it is.
Another test is called The Multiple Sleep Latency Test
(MSLT). This measures how fast one falls asleep during the
times of the day when he is supposed to be awake. Easily
falling asleep at daytime may imply that nighttime sleep was
not enough as there could have been some disruptions.
These tests are commonly conducted in designated centers for
sleep disorder but since there is appropriate technology
already, the patient may now request to have them done at
home.
Treatment for sleep apnea involves a change in lifestyle.
Some of the causes are due to certain practices like
drinking alcohol before going sleep, sleeping irregularly
because of work and family schedules, and not exercising to
maintain ideal body weight. Close monitoring and change in
any of these may significantly bring in positive results.
Surgery is also an option, especially for those with some
structural concerns. Behavior therapy is also becoming more
and more popular. Generally, treatment is customized and
greatly dependent on individual diagnosis.
Sleep apnea can be prevented most especially if it is
diagnosed early on. One must remember that it deserves
attention just like any other diseases.